Further Reading
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From Research to the VIOFOR JPS SYSTEM
THE INFLUENCE OF MAGNETIC field on living organisms, especially on human beings, has always interested many researchers. In ancient Egypt magnets were used to boost the body’s resistance to harmful factors in order to prolong life.
The therapeutic properties of magnets were used by Aesculapidus, the teacher of Hippocrates in ancient Greece, and Claudius Galenus in ancient Rome.
Until the early 20s of the last century, only naturally occurring magnets were known. Only the experiments of Hans Christian Oersted attracted attention to the magnetic field created around the conductor of electric current.
The unstoppable development of technology has caused occurrences of electromagnetic fields everywhere. Such fields are generated by power lines and household appliances, as well as transportation and industrial equipment that run on electricity. These often uncontrollably- occurring magnetic fields create so-called electromagnetic smog.
It has negative effects on living organism and leads to irregular functioning and destabilisation of biological systems which are sensitive to frequency and intensity changes in the electromagnetic field. It especially affects nervous system cells, synapses or pineal gland functioning. The latter plays an important role in the regulation of biological rhythms in the human body.
All these developments led to thorough research being conducted into the physical properties of electromagnetic fields. This in turn has led to observations of the effects and mechanisms of the influence that electromagnetic fields of various parameters have on living organisms.
In the last 30 years, there has been observed the most dynamic development of experimental research on the influence of pulsating electromagnetic fields on living organisms.
It is worth noticing that scientific research is of extreme importance in the registration and detailed description of a particular phenomenon conditions. The next stage of research determines modifying factors, i.e. increasing or decreasing occurrence of a particular phenomenon, as well as its occurrence in vitro or only in vivo.
It is also important to transfer the conclusions from research of one species onto others, including human beings, which always has to be done with a large dose of criticism and caution. Yet another stage of research is in the form of clinical research and observations, the standards of which have been determined by the World Health Organization (WHO) and which will not be discussed in the present publication.
For a number of years, the research on the influence of pulsating magnetic field on living organisms has also been conducted at the Department of Physiology of the Medical Academy in Poznan. Below, we present two examples of such research, which were previously presented at symposiums organised by Med & Life Poland Ltd.
1. The influence of a pulsating magnetic field on post-stress restitution
The research involved 18 males, age range 19-22, of average physical efficiency determined according to Astrand. Before the physical trial, all subjects had a circulatory system resting stage check up based on ECG, which showed no pathological changes. Then the subjects went through 3-times submaximal stress test in 7-day intervals. After each stress test the subjects were resting lying down, respectively:
a) on a couch covered with MRS-2000 applicator, generating variable electromagnetic field for 8 minute period
b) on a couch covered with MRS-2000 applicator not connected to electricity
c) on a couch covered with a blanket.
The results show that the return of pulse to initial values was fastest in case of subjects resting on the applicator generating pulsating magnetic field. Similarly, the normalisation of arterial blood pressure, in case of subjects exposed to magnetic field, was 60% faster.
The results of research on post-stress restitution indicate a positive influence of the pulsating magnetic field generated by MRS-2000. The mechanism of this positive influence is due to the influence of the magnetic field on blood circulation and the processes of oxygen distribution and diffusion, which mainly occur within the microcirculatory vessels.
2. Antioxidant enzyme activity in the blood of rats under long term influence of magnetic field
For years, researchers have been interested in the influence of electromagnetic fields (PEM) on cell respiration processes. They have observed the stimulation of haemoglobin bonding with oxygen and its utilization within cytochromes. There has also been observed an increase in the activity of NADPH dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome oxidase in hepatocytes of rats exposed to a magnetic field.
The increased intensity of cell respiration processes results in the increased number of free oxygen radicals, which is observed in organisms exposed to electromagnetic fields. Free radicals are atoms, molecules or their fragments able to exist independently and having one or more unpaired electrons at orbitals. Not all oxygen components of free radical properties are oxygen radicals. Thus it would be more appropriate to refer to them as oxygen reactive forms (RFT).
In the process of evolution, organisms have developed systems protecting against harmful effects of free radicals. One of the most important systems of this kind is the system of antioxidant enzymes . It consists of: superoxide dismutasis (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px).
However, with the increased production of RFT, their degradation by antioxidant enzymes may not be sufficient. It bears certain consequences for organisms, such as oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, decrease in fluidity of cell membranes, damage in structure of nucleic acids and biopolymers, inactivation of enzymes or production of chemotactic agents.
In our previous research, we have found a change in the antioxidation activity in the blood of rats singularly exposed to PEM. That is why we have tried to assess the activity of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px, as well as the value of total antioxidation state, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide and the level of malonic dialdehyde (MDA) – the marker of radical genesis in the blood of rats that had been exposed to a long term electromagnetic field.
The research subjects were male rats from the Wistar strain of average body weight 220± 10g given water and feed LSM ad libidum. Indoor temperature was 18±1º, and subsequent cycles light-darkness were in 12 hour intervals. A magnetic field was generated by magnetostimulation system M 2000. The research was conducted between 9 and 11 a.m. The animals were divided into 3 groups, 10 rats each:
I – control group
II – research group. The animals were placed in plastic containers situated always at the same place of magnetic field applicator and exposed to magnetic field of 70 mT intensity, once per day for 8 minute period, for 7 consecutive days.
III – research group. The condition of the experiment were identical to those in group II. The time of experiment was extended to 14 days.
After the exposure to magnetic field had been completed, blood samples were taken from anesthetized rats through puncture in the right heart ventricle. Blood samples were placed in heparinized test tubes and then spinned for 10 minutes in 700 x g in order to obtain plasma and red blood cell fraction.
In the red blood cells, an MDA level was determined, as well as SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px activity. In the received plasma, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide, the level of malonic dialdehyde and antioxidation state were determined with the use of Randox (UK) test kits.
The changes observed in rats exposed to magnetic field during 7 and 14-day periods are not unique. In the experiment model we have observed decrease of H2O2 concentration. The level of malonic dialdehyde (MDA) in plasma rose initially, and then dropped after second week of exposure to magnetic field. The MDA level in red blood cells after 1 week of exposure dropped and stayed the same until the end of the experiment. It could mean a reduced production of free radicals.
In recent publications, we can read about both radical genesis being stabilized by electromagnetic field as well as doubts whether it influences their production at all.
Decrease in RFT production, as observed in our experiments, correlates with decreased activity of superoxide dismutasis and catalase. SOD is an enzyme, whose activity depends on free radicals diffusion level. At the same time, hydrogen peroxide produced during oxidation is decomposed by catalase.
The decrease in CAT activity which we have determined is thus connected with the decrease in H2O2 concentration. In this context, the mechanism of glutathione peroxidase increased activity is unclear. Similarly to earlier experiments, we have observed increased activity of GSH-Px as the effect of magnetic field. GSH-Px occurs in two forms: one that includes selenium and one that does not. The former indicates catalase activity.
However, in our further experiments we have observed a decrease in H2O2 concentration. The form not containing selenium utilizes reduced glutation to reduce lipid hydroperoxide. It may be that the increased number of such forms of RFT has caused an increase in enzyme activity. At the same time, we have observed an increase in activity of non-enzyme antioxidant systems, indicated by increased value of antioxidation state in plasma.
We cannot exclude the direct influence of magnetic field on activity of antioxidant enzymes, which are mainly metalloenzymes. It concerns the change in activity of cytochrome C oxidase. In in-vitro experiments, the changes in this enzyme activity have been detected, which depended on line of force distribution in magnetic field. The increase of cytochrome C activity due to influence of constant magnetic field has also been observed.
The above-described research suggests which research methods should be used in order to be able to interpret the influence of electromagnetic fields at different levels of integration of bodily functions: from the entire system level, through cell level, to processes on molecular level.
The results of many similar experiments and clinical research allowed utilization of pulsating magnetic fields in practical medicine. There is a great number of reports on positive results of magnetotherapy in the following diseases:
tissue damage – where accelerated growth and regeneration occurs
cellular respiration disorders – the increase in oxygen transport by haemoglobin as well as oxygen bonding and diffusion are observed, as well as activation of enzymes of cell respiratory chain.
blood circulation disorders –improved rheological blood properties and cardiovascular system action; anti-swelling and anti-inflammatory action.
metabolism disorders – biochemical research shows decrease in level of lipids cholesterol in blood with a positive change in lipoproteins a to lipoproteins b concentration ratio.
neurological disorders – improved interneuronal conduction, improved action of sensory and motor nervous systems, analgesic action in chronic pain syndromes.
The above-mentioned examples are only a part of all therapeutic uses for electromagnetic fields described in publications. It should be mentioned that variable electromagnetic fields used in magnetotherapy and magnetostimulation must have certain induction and frequency values. Determination of those values is a result of long-term and arduous research, numerous observations, experiments and clinical research.
Additionally, the generating equipment has to guarantee stability and repeatability of the generated magnetic field. Finally, what is of utmost importance for the user, they have to be safe in use, comfortable and user friendly. Viofor JPS meets all of those above-mentioned standards…which makes it the leader in the market. Our goal is to continue research in order to improve and modernise the Viofor JPS System.
Professor. Janusz Paluszak M.D.of the Medical Academy in Poznan, Poland.
• Back to further reading menu: Click Here
Until the early 20s of the last century, only naturally occurring magnets were known. Only the experiments of Hans Christian Oersted attracted attention to the magnetic field created around the conductor of electric current.
The unstoppable development of technology has caused occurrences of electromagnetic fields everywhere. Such fields are generated by power lines and household appliances, as well as transportation and industrial equipment that run on electricity. These often uncontrollably- occurring magnetic fields create so-called electromagnetic smog.
It has negative effects on living organism and leads to irregular functioning and destabilisation of biological systems which are sensitive to frequency and intensity changes in the electromagnetic field. It especially affects nervous system cells, synapses or pineal gland functioning. The latter plays an important role in the regulation of biological rhythms in the human body.
All these developments led to thorough research being conducted into the physical properties of electromagnetic fields. This in turn has led to observations of the effects and mechanisms of the influence that electromagnetic fields of various parameters have on living organisms.
In the last 30 years, there has been observed the most dynamic development of experimental research on the influence of pulsating electromagnetic fields on living organisms.
It is worth noticing that scientific research is of extreme importance in the registration and detailed description of a particular phenomenon conditions. The next stage of research determines modifying factors, i.e. increasing or decreasing occurrence of a particular phenomenon, as well as its occurrence in vitro or only in vivo.
It is also important to transfer the conclusions from research of one species onto others, including human beings, which always has to be done with a large dose of criticism and caution. Yet another stage of research is in the form of clinical research and observations, the standards of which have been determined by the World Health Organization (WHO) and which will not be discussed in the present publication.
For a number of years, the research on the influence of pulsating magnetic field on living organisms has also been conducted at the Department of Physiology of the Medical Academy in Poznan. Below, we present two examples of such research, which were previously presented at symposiums organised by Med & Life Poland Ltd.
1. The influence of a pulsating magnetic field on post-stress restitution
The research involved 18 males, age range 19-22, of average physical efficiency determined according to Astrand. Before the physical trial, all subjects had a circulatory system resting stage check up based on ECG, which showed no pathological changes. Then the subjects went through 3-times submaximal stress test in 7-day intervals. After each stress test the subjects were resting lying down, respectively:
a) on a couch covered with MRS-2000 applicator, generating variable electromagnetic field for 8 minute period
b) on a couch covered with MRS-2000 applicator not connected to electricity
c) on a couch covered with a blanket.
The results show that the return of pulse to initial values was fastest in case of subjects resting on the applicator generating pulsating magnetic field. Similarly, the normalisation of arterial blood pressure, in case of subjects exposed to magnetic field, was 60% faster.
The results of research on post-stress restitution indicate a positive influence of the pulsating magnetic field generated by MRS-2000. The mechanism of this positive influence is due to the influence of the magnetic field on blood circulation and the processes of oxygen distribution and diffusion, which mainly occur within the microcirculatory vessels.
2. Antioxidant enzyme activity in the blood of rats under long term influence of magnetic field
For years, researchers have been interested in the influence of electromagnetic fields (PEM) on cell respiration processes. They have observed the stimulation of haemoglobin bonding with oxygen and its utilization within cytochromes. There has also been observed an increase in the activity of NADPH dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome oxidase in hepatocytes of rats exposed to a magnetic field.
The increased intensity of cell respiration processes results in the increased number of free oxygen radicals, which is observed in organisms exposed to electromagnetic fields. Free radicals are atoms, molecules or their fragments able to exist independently and having one or more unpaired electrons at orbitals. Not all oxygen components of free radical properties are oxygen radicals. Thus it would be more appropriate to refer to them as oxygen reactive forms (RFT).
In the process of evolution, organisms have developed systems protecting against harmful effects of free radicals. One of the most important systems of this kind is the system of antioxidant enzymes . It consists of: superoxide dismutasis (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px).
However, with the increased production of RFT, their degradation by antioxidant enzymes may not be sufficient. It bears certain consequences for organisms, such as oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, decrease in fluidity of cell membranes, damage in structure of nucleic acids and biopolymers, inactivation of enzymes or production of chemotactic agents.
In our previous research, we have found a change in the antioxidation activity in the blood of rats singularly exposed to PEM. That is why we have tried to assess the activity of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px, as well as the value of total antioxidation state, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide and the level of malonic dialdehyde (MDA) – the marker of radical genesis in the blood of rats that had been exposed to a long term electromagnetic field.
The research subjects were male rats from the Wistar strain of average body weight 220± 10g given water and feed LSM ad libidum. Indoor temperature was 18±1º, and subsequent cycles light-darkness were in 12 hour intervals. A magnetic field was generated by magnetostimulation system M 2000. The research was conducted between 9 and 11 a.m. The animals were divided into 3 groups, 10 rats each:
I – control group
II – research group. The animals were placed in plastic containers situated always at the same place of magnetic field applicator and exposed to magnetic field of 70 mT intensity, once per day for 8 minute period, for 7 consecutive days.
III – research group. The condition of the experiment were identical to those in group II. The time of experiment was extended to 14 days.
After the exposure to magnetic field had been completed, blood samples were taken from anesthetized rats through puncture in the right heart ventricle. Blood samples were placed in heparinized test tubes and then spinned for 10 minutes in 700 x g in order to obtain plasma and red blood cell fraction.
In the red blood cells, an MDA level was determined, as well as SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px activity. In the received plasma, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide, the level of malonic dialdehyde and antioxidation state were determined with the use of Randox (UK) test kits.
The changes observed in rats exposed to magnetic field during 7 and 14-day periods are not unique. In the experiment model we have observed decrease of H2O2 concentration. The level of malonic dialdehyde (MDA) in plasma rose initially, and then dropped after second week of exposure to magnetic field. The MDA level in red blood cells after 1 week of exposure dropped and stayed the same until the end of the experiment. It could mean a reduced production of free radicals.
In recent publications, we can read about both radical genesis being stabilized by electromagnetic field as well as doubts whether it influences their production at all.
Decrease in RFT production, as observed in our experiments, correlates with decreased activity of superoxide dismutasis and catalase. SOD is an enzyme, whose activity depends on free radicals diffusion level. At the same time, hydrogen peroxide produced during oxidation is decomposed by catalase.
The decrease in CAT activity which we have determined is thus connected with the decrease in H2O2 concentration. In this context, the mechanism of glutathione peroxidase increased activity is unclear. Similarly to earlier experiments, we have observed increased activity of GSH-Px as the effect of magnetic field. GSH-Px occurs in two forms: one that includes selenium and one that does not. The former indicates catalase activity.
However, in our further experiments we have observed a decrease in H2O2 concentration. The form not containing selenium utilizes reduced glutation to reduce lipid hydroperoxide. It may be that the increased number of such forms of RFT has caused an increase in enzyme activity. At the same time, we have observed an increase in activity of non-enzyme antioxidant systems, indicated by increased value of antioxidation state in plasma.
We cannot exclude the direct influence of magnetic field on activity of antioxidant enzymes, which are mainly metalloenzymes. It concerns the change in activity of cytochrome C oxidase. In in-vitro experiments, the changes in this enzyme activity have been detected, which depended on line of force distribution in magnetic field. The increase of cytochrome C activity due to influence of constant magnetic field has also been observed.
The above-described research suggests which research methods should be used in order to be able to interpret the influence of electromagnetic fields at different levels of integration of bodily functions: from the entire system level, through cell level, to processes on molecular level.
The results of many similar experiments and clinical research allowed utilization of pulsating magnetic fields in practical medicine. There is a great number of reports on positive results of magnetotherapy in the following diseases:
tissue damage – where accelerated growth and regeneration occurs
cellular respiration disorders – the increase in oxygen transport by haemoglobin as well as oxygen bonding and diffusion are observed, as well as activation of enzymes of cell respiratory chain.
blood circulation disorders –improved rheological blood properties and cardiovascular system action; anti-swelling and anti-inflammatory action.
metabolism disorders – biochemical research shows decrease in level of lipids cholesterol in blood with a positive change in lipoproteins a to lipoproteins b concentration ratio.
neurological disorders – improved interneuronal conduction, improved action of sensory and motor nervous systems, analgesic action in chronic pain syndromes.
The above-mentioned examples are only a part of all therapeutic uses for electromagnetic fields described in publications. It should be mentioned that variable electromagnetic fields used in magnetotherapy and magnetostimulation must have certain induction and frequency values. Determination of those values is a result of long-term and arduous research, numerous observations, experiments and clinical research.
Additionally, the generating equipment has to guarantee stability and repeatability of the generated magnetic field. Finally, what is of utmost importance for the user, they have to be safe in use, comfortable and user friendly. Viofor JPS meets all of those above-mentioned standards…which makes it the leader in the market. Our goal is to continue research in order to improve and modernise the Viofor JPS System.
Professor. Janusz Paluszak M.D.of the Medical Academy in Poznan, Poland.
• Back to further reading menu: Click Here
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BENEFICIAL IN THE TREATMENT OF: • Osteoarthritis • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Various joint • disorders • Fractures • Injuries to tendons • and muscles • Ulcers • Dermatological • conditions • Strokes • Multiple Sclerosis • Parkinsonism • Stress • Migranes |
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